Messier catalogue

 

  Open cluster   Globular cluster   Nebula   Planetary nebula   Supernova remnant   Galaxy   Other

Messier number NGC/IC Number Common name Picture Object type Distance (kly) Constellation Apparent magnitude
M1 NGC 1952 Crab Nebula Supernova remnant 4.9–8.1 Taurus 8.4
M2 NGC 7089 Cluster, globular 33 Aquarius 6.3
M3 NGC 5272 Cluster, globular 33.9 Canes Venatici 6.2
M4 NGC 6121 Cluster, globular 7.2 Scorpius 5.9
M5 NGC 5904 Cluster, globular 24.5 Serpens 6.7
M6 NGC 6405 Butterfly Cluster Cluster, open 1.6 Scorpius 4.2
M7 NGC 6475 Ptolemy Cluster Cluster, open 0.65–1.31 Scorpius 3.3
M8 NGC 6523 Lagoon Nebula Nebula with cluster 4.1 Sagittarius 6.0
M9 NGC 6333 Cluster, globular 25.8 Ophiuchus 8.4
M10 NGC 6254 Cluster, globular 14.3 Ophiuchus 6.4
M11 NGC 6705 Wild Duck Cluster Cluster, open 6.2 Scutum 6.3
M12 NGC 6218 Cluster, globular 15.7 Ophiuchus 7.7
M13 NGC 6205 Great Globular Cluster in Hercules Cluster, globular 22.2 Hercules 5.8
M14 NGC 6402 Cluster, globular 30.3 Ophiuchus 8.3
M15 NGC 7078 Cluster, globular 33 Pegasus 6.2
M16 NGC 6611 Eagle Nebula m16-none Nebula, H II region with cluster 7 Serpens 6.0
M17 NGC 6618 Omega, Swan, Horseshoe, or Lobster Nebula m17-none Nebula, H II region with cluster 5–6 Sagittarius 6.0
M18 NGC 6613 Cluster, open 4.9 Sagittarius 7.5
M19 NGC 6273 Cluster, globular 28.7 Ophiuchus 7.5
M20 NGC 6514 Trifid Nebula Nebula, H II region with cluster 5.2 Sagittarius 6.3
M21 NGC 6531 Cluster, open 4.25 Sagittarius 6.5
M22 NGC 6656 Sagittarius Cluster Cluster, globular 9.6–11.6 Sagittarius 5.1
M23 NGC 6494 Cluster, open 2.15 Sagittarius 6.9
M24 IC 4715 Sagittarius Star Cloud Milky Way star cloud ~10 Sagittarius 4.6
M25 IC 4725 Cluster, open 2.0 Sagittarius 4.6
M26 NGC 6694 Cluster, open 5.0 Scutum 8.0
M27 NGC 6853 Dumbbell Nebula m27 Nebula, planetary 1.148–1.52 Vulpecula 7.5
M28 NGC 6626 Cluster, globular 17.9 Sagittarius 7.7
M29 NGC 6913 Cluster, open 7.2 Cygnus 7.1
M30 NGC 7099 Cluster, globular 27.8–31 Capricornus 7.7
M31 NGC 224 Andromeda Galaxy m31-none Galaxy, spiral 2,430–2,650 Andromeda 3.4
M32 NGC 221 Galaxy, dwarf elliptical 2,410–2,570 Andromeda 8.1
M33 NGC 598 Triangulum Galaxy m33 Galaxy, spiral 2,380–3,070 Triangulum 5.7
M34 NGC 1039 Cluster, open 1.5 Perseus 5.5
M35 NGC 2168 Cluster, open 2.8 Gemini 5.3
M36 NGC 1960 Cluster, open 4.1 Auriga 6.3
M37 NGC 2099 Cluster, open 4.511 Auriga 6.2
M38 NGC 1912 Cluster, open 4.2 Auriga 7.4
M39 NGC 7092 Cluster, open 0.8244 Cygnus 5.5
M40 Winnecke 4 Double star WNC4 0.51 Ursa Major 9.7
M41 NGC 2287 Cluster, open 2.3 Canis Major 4.5
M42 NGC 1976 Orion Nebula Nebula, H II region 1.324–1.364 Orion 4.0
M43 NGC 1982 De Mairan’s Nebula Nebula, H II region
(part of the Orion Nebula)		 1.6 Orion 9.0
M44 NGC 2632 Beehive Cluster Cluster, open 0.577 Cancer 3.7
M45 Pleiades  m45-none Cluster, open 0.39–0.46 Taurus 1.6
M46 NGC 2437 Cluster, open 5.4 Puppis 6.1
M47 NGC 2422 Cluster, open 1.6 Puppis 4.2
M48 NGC 2548 Cluster, open 1.5 Hydra 5.5
M49 NGC 4472 Galaxy, elliptical 53,600–58,200 Virgo 9.4
M50 NGC 2323 Cluster, open 3.2 Monoceros 5.9
M51 NGC 5194, NGC 5195 Whirlpool Galaxy m51 Galaxy, spiral 19,000–27,000 Canes Venatici 8.4
M52 NGC 7654 Cluster, open 5.0 Cassiopeia 5.0
M53 NGC 5024 Cluster, globular 58 Coma Berenices 8.3
M54 NGC 6715 Cluster, globular 87.4 Sagittarius 8.4
M55 NGC 6809 Cluster, globular 17.6 Sagittarius 7.4
M56 NGC 6779 Cluster, globular 32.9 Lyra 8.3
M57 NGC 6720 Ring Nebula Nebula, planetary 1.6–3.8 Lyra 8.8
M58 NGC 4579 Galaxy, barred spiral ~63,000 Virgo 10.5
M59 NGC 4621 Galaxy, elliptical 55,000–65,000 Virgo 10.6
M60 NGC 4649 Galaxy, elliptical 51,000–59,000 Virgo 9.8
M61 NGC 4303 Galaxy, spiral 50,200–54,800 Virgo 10.2
M62 NGC 6266 Cluster, globular 22.2 Ophiuchus 7.4
M63 NGC 5055 Sunflower Galaxy Galaxy, spiral 37,000 Canes Venatici 9.3
M64 NGC 4826 Black Eye Galaxy Galaxy, spiral 22,000–26,000 Coma Berenices 9.4
M65 NGC 3623 Leo Triplet Galaxy, barred spiral 41,000–42,000 Leo 10.3
M66 NGC 3627 Leo Triplet Galaxy, barred spiral 31,000–41,000 Leo 8.9
M67 NGC 2682 Cluster, open 2.61–2.93 Cancer 6.1
M68 NGC 4590 Cluster, globular 33.6 Hydra 9.7
M69 NGC 6637 Cluster, globular 29.7 Sagittarius 8.3
M70 NGC 6681 Cluster, globular 29.4 Sagittarius 9.1
M71 NGC 6838 Cluster, globular 13.0 Sagitta 6.1
M72 NGC 6981 Cluster, globular 53.40–55.74 Aquarius 9.4
M73 NGC 6994 Asterism ~2.5 Aquarius 9.0
M74 NGC 628 Galaxy, spiral 24,000–36,000 Pisces 10.0
M75 NGC 6864 Cluster, globular 67.5 Sagittarius 9.2
M76 NGC 650, NGC 651 Little Dumbbell Nebula Nebula, planetary 2.5 Perseus 10.1
M77 NGC 1068 Cetus A Galaxy, spiral 47,000 Cetus 9.6
M78 NGC 2068 Nebula, diffuse 1.6 Orion 8.3
M79 NGC 1904 Cluster, globular 41 Lepus 8.6
M80 NGC 6093 Cluster, globular 32.6 Scorpius 7.9
M81 NGC 3031 Bode’s Galaxy Galaxy, spiral 11,400–12,200 Ursa Major 6.9
M82 NGC 3034 Cigar Galaxy Galaxy, starburst 10,700–12,300 Ursa Major 8.4
M83 NGC 5236 Southern Pinwheel Galaxy Galaxy, barred spiral 14,700 Hydra 7.5
M84 NGC 4374 Galaxy, lenticular 57,000–63,000 Virgo 10.1
M85 NGC 4382 Galaxy, lenticular 56,000–64,000 Coma Berenices 10.0
M86 NGC 4406 Galaxy, lenticular 49,000–55,000 Virgo 9.8
M87 NGC 4486 Virgo A Galaxy, elliptical 51,870–55,130 Virgo 9.6
M88 NGC 4501 Galaxy, spiral 39,000–56,000 Coma Berenices 10.4
M89 NGC 4552 Galaxy, elliptical 47,000–53,000 Virgo 10.7
M90 NGC 4569 Galaxy, spiral 55,900–61,500 Virgo 10.3
M91 NGC 4548 Galaxy, barred spiral 47,000–79,000 Coma Berenices 11.0
M92 NGC 6341 Cluster, globular 26.7 Hercules 6.3
M93 NGC 2447 Cluster, open 3.6 Puppis 6.0
M94 NGC 4736 Galaxy, spiral 14,700–17,300 Canes Venatici 9.0
M95 NGC 3351 Galaxy, barred spiral 31,200–34,000 Leo 11.4
M96 NGC 3368 Galaxy, spiral 28,000–34,000 Leo 10.1
M97 NGC 3587 Owl Nebula Nebula, planetary 2.03 Ursa Major 9.9
M98 NGC 4192 Galaxy, spiral 44,400 Coma Berenices 11.0
M99 NGC 4254 Galaxy, spiral 44,700–55,700 Coma Berenices 10.4
M100 NGC 4321 Galaxy, spiral 55,000 Coma Berenices 10.1
M101 NGC 5457 Pinwheel Galaxy Galaxy, spiral 19,100–22,400 Ursa Major 7.9
M102 (Not conclusively identified)[110]
M103 NGC 581 Cluster, open 10 Cassiopeia 7.4
M104 NGC 4594 Sombrero Galaxy Galaxy, spiral 28,700–30,900 Virgo 9.0
M105 NGC 3379 Galaxy, elliptical 30,400–33,600 Leo 10.2
M106 NGC 4258 Galaxy, spiral 22,200–25,200 Canes Venatici 9.1
M107 NGC 6171 Cluster, globular 20.9 Ophiuchus 8.9
M108 NGC 3556 Galaxy, barred spiral 46,000 Ursa Major 10.7
M109 NGC 3992 Galaxy, barred spiral 59,500–107,500 Ursa Major 10.6
M110 NGC 205 Galaxy, dwarf elliptical 2,600–2,780 Andromeda 9.0